Cervical Cancer Treatment

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Cervical Cancer Treatment in Mumbai

Cervical cancer begins when abnormal cells in the cervix grow uncontrollably. The cervix is the lower, narrow part of the uterus (womb) that opens into the vagina. Most cervical cancers are linked to long-term infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Treatment depends on the stage, the type of cancer, your age, whether you wish to have children and your overall health. It may include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination.

At Asian Cancer Institute – ACI Cumballa Hill Hospital, our oncology and surgical teams provide cervical cancer treatment in Mumbai. Each treatment plan is based on your diagnosis, cancer stage, overall health and individual needs.

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What Is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer usually develops slowly. Before cancer forms, the cells of the cervix often go through abnormal changes called pre-cancer. These changes can be found through screening and treated before they become cancer.

Symptoms of Prostate Cancer

Common symptoms include:

Note: These symptoms can also be caused by infections, hormonal changes or fibroids. Even so, they should be checked by a doctor.

01 Bleeding between periods

02 Bleeding after sex

03 Bleeding after menopause

04 Heavier or longer periods than usual

05 Unusual or foul-smelling vaginal discharge

06 Pain in the pelvis or lower back

07 Pain during sex

08 Swelling of the legs, or trouble passing urine or stools, in advanced cases

Causes and Risk Factors

Persistent infection with high-risk types of HPV is the main cause. HPV is a common virus spread through sexual contact, and most infections clear on their own. Factors that may increase the risk include:

Long-term HPV infection

Not being screened regularly

Smoking and tobacco use

A weakened immune system, including HIV infection

Having many children or giving birth at a young age

Early age at first sexual activity or multiple sexual partners

Long-term use of oral contraceptive pills

Note: Having a risk factor does not mean you will develop cervical cancer. Screening and HPV vaccination can lower the risk.

When to See a Doctor

Consult a doctor if you have urinary changes, pelvic or back pain, or blood in the urine that does not settle within a few weeks. Seek medical care promptly if you have:

Bleeding after sex or after menopause

Heavy or continuous vaginal bleeding

Severe pelvic or back pain

Swelling of the legs or difficulty passing urine

If you have never been screened, or are due for a repeat test, ask your doctor about a Pap smear or HPV test.

How Is Cervical Cancer Diagnosed?

Early and accurate diagnosis helps your doctor choose the right treatment. Based on your symptoms and examination, your doctor may recommend:

Pelvic examination

To check the cervix, uterus and surrounding area.

Pap smear and HPV test

To look for abnormal cells or high-risk HPV.

Colposcopy

A magnified view of the cervix using a special instrument to find abnormal areas.

Biopsy and histopathology

A small tissue sample examined under a microscope to confirm cancer and identify its type.

Cone biopsy (conisation)

Removal of a cone-shaped piece of the cervix, used for diagnosis and sometimes treatment of early changes.

MRI, CT or PET-CT scan

To check the size of the tumour and whether it has spread.

Blood tests and other staging tests

To assess your general health and the extent of the disease.

Note: Our radiology team supports the diagnostic process, while oncology specialists assess the results and plan treatment.

Cervical Cancer Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the stage and type of cancer, your age, your wish to have children and your overall health. Your care team will explain the options, the benefits and the possible side effects so you can decide together. Often, more than one treatment is combined.

01 / SURGERY

Cervical Cancer Surgery

Surgery may be recommended for early-stage cancer.Surgery can be open, laparoscopic or robotic, depending on the case. Asian Cancer Institute offers Surgical Oncology and Gynaecology services, with operating theatres and a robotic surgery suite to support suitable procedures.

01 / SURGERY

Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells. It may be given from outside the body external beam radiotherapy or from inside, by placing a radioactive source close to the cervix brachytherapy. It is often combined with chemotherapy and is a main treatment for more advanced cervical cancer. It may also be used after surgery.

01 / SURGERY

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer medicines to destroy or control cancer cells. It is often given together with radiotherapy chemoradiation, or as the main treatment for cancer that has spread. Our Medical Oncology team plans treatment based on your diagnosis, test results and overall health. Chemotherapy and daycare services are available for eligible patients.

01 / SURGERY

Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy

For some advanced or recurrent cancers, targeted therapy or immunotherapy may be considered. These are used only for selected patients, based on test results and the stage of the disease.

Possible Risks and Side Effects

All cancer treatments have possible side effects, and these vary from person to person.

After surgery

Pain, bleeding, infection, and bladder or bowel problems. Removal of the uterus ends periods and the ability to become pregnant.

With Radiotherapy

Tiredness, skin irritation, loose stools, urinary irritation, narrowing or dryness of the vagina, and early menopause if the ovaries are affected.

After lymph node removal or radiotherapy

Swelling of the legs lymphoedema in some women.

During chemotherapy

Nausea, tiredness, hair loss, lower blood counts and a higher risk of infection.

Recovery and Aftercare

Recovery depends on the type of treatment and your general health. After surgery, you will be guided on rest, wound care and a gradual return to activity. Eating a balanced diet, staying gently active as advised and avoiding tobacco support healing.

Our Experts

Cervical cancer care may involve specialists from several areas of oncology and surgery. At ACI Cumballa Hill Hospital, patients have access to experienced specialists across these disciplines.

Padmashri

Dr. Ramakant Deshpande

MBBS, MS, FICA, FAIS, DHA

CHAIRMAN HOD Thoracic Surgery, Surgical Oncology

Dr. Sanjay Sharma

MBBS, MS, FICS, FAIS

Director HOD Breast Surgery, Thoracic Cancer Consultant Surgical Oncology

Why Choose Asian Cancer Institute?

ACI Cumballa Hill Hospital is a NABH-accredited tertiary healthcare centre with more than 50 beds and dedicated ICU facilities. It has three operating theatres, a robotic surgery suite, an endoscopy suite and daycare services.

Medical oncology, surgical oncology, gastroenterology, endoscopy, radiology and other supportive specialties work together, so you can receive coordinated cancer care under one roof. Our approach focuses on personalised treatment, clear communication and compassionate care through diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.

Questions, Answered

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Every case is different. These answers can help you prepare for a more detailed conversation with your care team.

1. What are the early signs of cervical cancer?

Early cervical cancer often causes no symptoms. When symptoms appear, they may include bleeding between periods, bleeding after sex or after menopause, unusual vaginal discharge and pelvic pain. These can also be caused by other conditions, so a doctor’s evaluation is needed.

2. What causes cervical cancer?

Most cases are caused by long-term infection with high-risk types of HPV. Smoking, a weakened immune system and lack of regular screening can raise the risk further.

3. Can cervical cancer be prevented?

To a large extent, yes. HPV vaccination and regular screening with a Pap smear or HPV test can prevent many cases or find changes early, when they are easiest to treat. Ask your doctor which tests and vaccine are suitable for you.

4. How is cervical cancer diagnosed?

Doctors usually perform a pelvic examination and a Pap smear or HPV test. A colposcopy and biopsy are then needed to confirm cancer. Scans such as MRI or CT show whether it has spread.

5. Can cervical cancer be cured?

It depends mainly on the stage at diagnosis. Early-stage cervical cancer can often be treated with the aim of a cure. In advanced cases, treatment focuses on controlling the disease and relieving symptoms. Your oncologist can explain what to expect in your situation.

6. Can I have a baby after cervical cancer treatment?

In selected early cases, fertility-sparing surgery may be possible. Hysterectomy and radiotherapy to the pelvis usually end the ability to carry a pregnancy. If you wish to have children, discuss this with your doctor before treatment starts.

7. Is surgery always needed for cervical cancer?

No. Early-stage cancers are often treated with surgery, while more advanced cancers are usually treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The plan depends on your individual diagnosis.

7. Will treatment affect my sexual life?

It can. Surgery and radiotherapy may cause vaginal dryness, narrowing or discomfort during sex, and some treatments can cause early menopause. Many of these effects can be managed, so speak openly with your care team.

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Book an Appointment for Cervical Cancer Treatment in Mumbai

If you have been diagnosed with cervical cancer, are experiencing unusual vaginal bleeding, discharge or pelvic pain, or are seeking a second opinion on your diagnosis or treatment plan, consulting an oncology specialist can help you understand your condition and available treatment options. Contact Asian Cancer Institute – ACI Cumballa Hill Hospital to schedule a consultation or seek a second opinion.

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Related Cancer Services

Depending on your diagnosis and treatment plan, you may also need:

General Surgery

Laparoscopic Surgery

Cancer Care Services

Surgery may be recommended when the cancer is limited to the prostate. In a radical prostatectomy, the surgeon removes the prostate gland and sometimes nearby lymph nodes. It can be done by open, laparoscopic or robotic methods, depending on the case. Asian Cancer Institute offers [Surgical Oncology] and [Urology] services, with operating theatres and a robotic surgery suite to support suitable procedures.